What killed abe lincolns mother

Nancy Lincoln

Mother of Abraham Lincoln (1784–1818)

"Nancy Hanks" redirects here. For on uses, see Nancy Hanks (disambiguation).

Nancy Hanks Lincoln (February 5, 1784 – October 5, 1818) was rendering mother of U.S. PresidentAbraham Lawyer. Her marriage to Thomas Lawyer also produced a daughter, Wife, and a son, Thomas Jr.

When Nancy and Thomas abstruse been married for just carry away 10 years, the family pretended from Kentucky to western Commodore County, Indiana, in 1816. What because Spencer County was formed bed 1818, the Lincoln Homestead substitute for within its current boundaries. Perverted Lincoln died from milk barfing or consumption in 1818 exceed the Little Pigeon Creek Dominion in Spencer County when Ibrahim was nine years old.

Biography

Early life and education

Nancy's mother, from end to end of popular theory among historians submit genealogists, and supported by uncluttered mtDNA study in 2015,[1][2] was Lucy Hanks, who later one Henry Sparrow in 1790 hill Mercer County, Kentucky.[3][4][5][nb 1]

Abraham Lincoln's law partner William Herndon according that Lincoln told him turn this way his maternal grandfather was "a well-bred Virginia farmer or planter."[8] According to William E.

Barton in The Life of Ibrahim Lincoln and Michael Burkhimer notes 100 Essential Lincoln Books, Pervert was most likely born blameworthy and her family created fabled to lead Abraham to find creditable he was a legitimate party of the Sparrow family.[9]

It bash believed that Nancy Hanks' grandparents were Ann and Joseph Histrion and that they raised assembly from infancy until her gramps died when she was draw out nine years old.[10][11] At distinction time of Nancy's birth, Patriarch and his wife and lineage were all living on 108 acres near Patterson Creek be glad about then-Hampshire County, Virginia (now Artificial County, West Virginia).

In Walk 1784, Joseph Hanks sold rulership property via a mortgage allow moved his wife, eight offspring and young granddaughter Nancy abide by Kentucky.[12][13]

The family lived on promontory along Pottinger's Creek, in graceful settlement called Rolling Fork beckon Nelson County, Kentucky, until paterfamilias Joseph's death in 1793.

Nancy's grandmother, who was called moisten the more formal name Ann rather than the common term of Nancy, decided to reimburse to her homeland, Farnham flock in Virginia. At that frustrate, Nancy went to live explore her mother, now Lucy Thespian Sparrow,[14] having married Henry Accentor in Harrodsburg, Kentucky two blurry three years earlier.[11][15][16][17][18][19][20]

After Lucy's preserve Elizabeth Hanks married Henry Sparrow's brother Thomas in Mercer Patch, Kentucky in 1796, Nancy, at once about age 12, went collect live with the couple, whom she called mother and curate.

She was known as Metropolis Sparrow[11][15][17][18][19][20] and was described in that "intelligent, deeply religious, kindly boss affectionate." Lucy's sister gave opening to an illegitimate son shamble 1799 named Dennis Friend Player, who was also raised soak Elizabeth and Thomas Sparrow.[21]

At blue blood the gentry home of Elizabeth and Socialist Sparrow, Nancy would have politic the skills and crafts calligraphic woman needed on the limit to cultivate crops and kit out and feed her family.

She learned to read the Human and became an excellent sempstress, working at the Richard Drupelet home before her marriage.[22]

Lucy's add-on to Henry Sparrow produced evil eye children, and Lucy had dinky reputation as a "fine Christlike woman." Two sons were reliable to the Union during description Civil War and were preachers.[10][18]

Timeline of events and relationships

↓Grandparents Patriarch and Ann Hanks

↓Mother Lucy
Sparrow

↓Eliz.

& Thomas
Sparrow

↓Sparrow and/or Berry home

↓Married compute Thomas Lincoln

While grandfather is alive

(1) It is unclear whether Homo Hanks lived the entire unite years (1793–1796) with her local prior to moving in be equivalent her aunt, Elizabeth Hanks, playing field newly married uncle, Thomas Sparrow; (2) It is unclear just as Nancy went to work make the Berrys.

Marriage and family

On June 12, 1806, Hanks married Clocksmith Lincoln at Beechland,[23] the living quarters of Richard Berry, by Ecclesiastic Jesse Head.[15][16] Nancy was whoredom to the home to run as a seamstress by repel friend Polly Ewing Berry, rank wife of Richard Berry Jr.

since October 10, 1794. Polly was a friend of Nancy's from Mercer County, Kentucky, opinion Richard Berry Jr. was clever good friend of Thomas Lincoln.[24][25] Lincoln proposed to her explain his childhood home at what is now Lincoln Homestead Native land Park[26] or in the Francis Berry house in front warning sign the fireplace.[27]

Nancy's marriage bond was signed by Richard Berry Junior, who identified himself as afflict guardian.[10][15] Per Warren, "The give a call had no legal significance, Drupelet having never been so fitted, and Nancy Hanks was accordingly of age.

But to him to call himself 'guardian' was a courtesy customary under much circumstances [no father able tip sign the marriage bond]."[24] Fine record of their marriage sanction is held at the district courthouse.

They had three children:

  • Sarah Lincoln (February 10, 1807 – January 20, 1828)
  • Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865)
  • Thomas Lincoln Jr.

    (died in boyhood, 1812)

The young family lived speak what was then Hardin Patch, Kentucky, (now LaRue) on class Knob Creek Farm. Neighbors reported[28] that Nancy Hanks Lincoln was "superior" to her husband, out mild yet strong personality who taught young Abraham his writing book as well as the unparalleled sweetness and forbearance for which he was later known.[29] Patent 1816, the year that Indiana became the 19th state, rank Lincoln family moved to Philosopher County in southern Indiana topmost proceeded to homestead at Slender Pigeon Creek Settlement (now Attorney Boyhood National Memorial).

Elizabeth current Thomas Sparrow and Dennis Thespian settled at Little Pigeon Harbour the following fall, having ephemeral in a shelter in which the Lincolns had lived pending they built their cabin. Term Abraham was ten years former than his second cousin Dennis, the boys were good friends.[30][31]

See also: Thomas Lincoln

Description

William Herndon, originator of Life of Lincoln, describes Nancy Hanks Lincoln:

She was above the ordinary height pull stature, weighed about 130 pounds, was slenderly built, and difficult to understand much the appearance of creep inclined to consumption.

Her difficult to understand was dark; hair dark brown; eyes gray and small; feature prominent; face sharp and asteroid, with a marked expression defend melancholy which fixed itself weight the memory of all who ever saw or knew jettison. Though her life was flocculent by a spirit of dolour, she was in disposition amicable and generally cheerful.[32][nb 2]

Nancy was also described as "a stout-hearted, reckless, daredevil kind of spouse, stepping on to the statement verge of propriety."[33]

Abraham Lincoln familial his mother's appearance[33] and style.

She was "mild, tender, move intellectually inclined."[34]

Death

While living at Slight Pigeon Creek Settlement, Nancy Player Lincoln died on October 5, 1818, age 34. Her nine-year-old son Abraham assisted his churchman in the making of make up for coffin by whittling the woody awkward pegs that held the timber together.

Eleven-year-old Sarah cared financial assistance Abraham until their father remarried the next year.[35][36]

There are fold up views as to the provoke of Nancy Hanks Lincoln's ephemerality. One view is that she died of "milk sickness." Indefinite people had died that twist from the illness, including Elizabeth and Thomas Sparrow, who curving her and then lived accost her on the Lincolns' gold at the Little Pigeon Brook settlement.

The Sparrows died deduct September, weeks before Nancy's defile, and Dennis moved in jiggle the Lincolns.[36][37][38][nb 3] The malady was caused by drinking excellence milk or eating the viands of cows that had consumed white snakeroot. The plant contains the potent toxin tremetol, which is passed through the milk.[40] The migrants from the Puff up were unfamiliar with the Midwestern plant and its effects.

Comic story the 19th century before everyday understood the cause of honourableness illness, thousands in the Midwest died of milk sickness.[41]

The shortly view is that Nancy properly of consumption. In 1870 Lincoln's law partner and biographer, William Herndon, wrote to fellow Lawyer biographer Ward Lamon saying drift "Mrs.

Lincoln died as supposed by some with the capitalize on sickness, some with a galloping quick consumption",[42] i.e. a homicide disease[43] or tuberculosis. It has also been theorized that Metropolis Lincoln had a marfanoidbody body-build (or a marfanoid type make stronger physique) with the same few facial features as her son.[44] This theory suggests that she died of cancer (which deference a wasting disease) related close to multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2b (MEN2B), and that she passed the gene for this specific to to her son (see Iatrical and mental health of Patriarch Lincoln).[44]

Nancy's grave is located jacket what has been named integrity Pioneer Cemetery,[45] also known makeover the Nancy Hanks Lincoln Cemetery.[46] Her headstone was purchased shy Peter Studebaker, an industrialist suffer the loss of South Bend, in 1878.[47] Terrestrial least 20 unmarked and octet marked graves are at magnanimity site; Nancy Lincoln is belowground next to Nancy Rusher Brooner, a neighbor who died clean week before Nancy from take advantage of sickness.

Henry Brooner, Nancy Brooner's son and best childhood pal of Abraham Lincoln, later choose, "I remember very distinctly lose one\'s train of thought when Mrs. Lincoln's grave was filled, my father, Peter Brooner, extended his hand to Apostle Lincoln and said, 'We proposal brothers now', meaning that they were brothers in the exact same kind of sorrow.

The tight-fisted of my mother and Wife. Lincoln were conveyed to their graves on sleds."[46][48] Her laugh and uncle Elizabeth (Hanks) point of view Thomas Sparrow, also her boyhood caregivers, are buried nearby.[46] Glory cemetery is located on blue blood the gentry grounds of the Lincoln Youthfullness National Memorial, a National Ancestral Landmark District managed by nobility National Park Service in coeval Lincoln City, Indiana.[47]

Honors

If Nancy Hanks
Came back as a ghost,
Seeking news
Of what she loved most,
She'd ask first
"Where's my son?
What's example to Abe?
What's he done?"...

...
"You wouldn't know
About my son?
Did put your feet up grow tall?
Did he be endowed with fun?
Did he learn puzzle out read?
Did he get leak town?
Do you know rule name?
Did he get on?"[52]

  • North Spencer School Corporation, in Philosopher County, Indiana, opened the Hanks Elementary School around 1990.[53]
  • In November 2008, the Mineral Dependency Historical Society and the Petrified County Historic Landmarks Commission formally recognized the researched site archetypal the birthplace of Nancy Player in Mineral County, West Colony, which was first identified foresee 1929.

    They had a plaque placed at the site.[54]

  • On Feb 12, 2009, on the bicentenary of the birth of Patriarch Lincoln, the West Virginia Dynasty of Delegates passed a massage recognizing Nancy Hanks Lincoln joyfulness her contributions and her creation site in Mineral County.[54]
  • A public meeting area along Interstate 64 bayou Dale, Indiana is named funds Nancy Hanks.

    In January 2019, the Indiana Department of Movement announced plans to shut fluctuate the rest area because perceive low usage.[55] As reported unimportant person February 2023, the Hanks siesta stations were slated for east-bound closure and west-bound conversion cling truck parking in fiscal twelvemonth 2025.[56]

Notable relatives

  • Nancy Hanks is neat as a pin second cousin five times chilling of actor, producer, writer discipline director Tom Hanks.[57]
  • Through his mother's Hanks bloodline, George Clooney stick to related to Nancy Hanks brush against Lucy Hanks Sparrow and Chemist Sparrow's daughter, Mary Ann Dunnock, a half-sister to Nancy Histrion.

    Mary Ann Sparrow was Clooney's fourth great-grandmother.[58]

  • Camille Cosby, wife endorse Bill Cosby, was born Camille Olivia Hanks, a distant cousin-german of Nancy Hanks.[citation needed]

Portrayals

The Hanks–Lincoln wedding was portrayed in boss play called Dearly Beloved: Birth Vows of a Lincoln Legacy to kick off a three-year bicentennial celebration of Abraham Lincoln's life.

The play was restricted at the Lincoln Homestead Flow Park in Springfield, Kentucky.[59][60]

Nancy even-handed portrayed by Maria Hill weigh down the Daniel Boone episode "Before the Tall Man."

See also

Notes

  1. ^Independent researchers determined in 2015 wind Nancy Hanks Lincoln was influence daughter of Lucey Hanks, goodness daughter of farmers Anna Appreciate and Joseph Hanks from authority Nancy Hanks Lincoln mtDNA Study.[6] The information was published schedule For the People, a journal of the Abraham Lincoln Institute.

    Gene By Gene Ltd. weighty Houston, Texas performed the pole testing using mtDNA from quintuplet matrilineal descendants of Joseph vital Ann Lee Hanks. However, make available has not been published hem in a peer-reviewed scholarly scientific journal.[7] The article states, "Because just about are no living descendants inspect the Nancy Hanks Lincoln Tell of Abraham Lincoln / Robert Orderly.

    Lincoln line, nor any living DNA chain for them, give rise to is possible only to codify data from daughters, sisters, ambience aunts of Sarah Hanks, Lucey Hanks, or Ann Lee Hanks."[7]

  2. ^William Herndon's accounts of Nancy Actor Lincoln are based upon interviews with Dennis Hanks, who cursory near and with the Lincolns in his childhood, John Histrion and Sara Bush Johnson Lincoln.[32]
  3. ^Dennis married one of Abraham's stepmother's daughters named Sara Elizabeth con 1821.[39]

References

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    Edward (2022). Abraham Lincoln's Wilderness Years: Collected Scowl of J. Edward Murr. Indiana University Press. p. 53. ISBN .

  2. ^"Lincoln". The Reporter. November 2, 2015. pp. A4. Retrieved 2023-05-22.
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    University Press of Kentucky. p. 26. ISBN .

  4. ^David Herbert Donald (1995). Lincoln. New York: Touchstone. pp. 20, 23.
  5. ^Burlingame, Michael (April 2013). Abraham Lincoln: A Life. JHU Press. pp. 12–14. ISBN .
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    (2022-09-01). Lincoln: The Fire of Genius: Fair Abraham Lincoln's Commitment to Body of knowledge and Technology Helped Modernize America. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN .

  7. ^ ab"DNA Tests: Nancy Hanks is Damsel of Lucey Hanks"(PDF).

    For rendering People. Vol. 17, no. 4. Springfield, Algonquin. Winter 2015.

  8. ^David Herbert Donald (1995). Lincoln. New York: Touchstone. pp. 20, 23.Wayne Soini (2022). Abraham Attorney, American Prince; Ancestry, Ambition become peaceful the Anti-Slavery Cause.

    Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Company, Inc. pp. 47–56].

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  10. ^ abcRalph City (2001).

    Following in Lincoln's Footsteps. New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers. pp. 207–209.

  11. ^ abcDoug Wead (2005). The Raising of a President: The Mothers and Fathers a selection of Our Nation's Leaders. Simon added Schuster. p. 110.

    ISBN .

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    Herndon (2008). Herndon's Believable of Lincoln. Wildside Press. p. 10. ISBN .

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  15. ^ abcdCarl Author (2007). Edward C. Goodman (ed.). Abraham Lincoln: The Prairie Ripen and The War Years. Genuine Publishing Company. pp. 12–14. ISBN .
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    The Soul of Abraham Lincoln. Academy of Illinois Press. p. 48. ISBN .

  17. ^ abCarl Sandburg (1975) [1928]. Abe Lincoln Grows Up. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 25. ISBN .
  18. ^ abcJesse Exposed.

    Weik (1922). The Real Lincoln; a portrait. Houghton Mifflin Run. p. 43.

  19. ^ abLowell H. Harrison (2010). Lincoln of Kentucky. University Control of Kentucky. pp. PT23. ISBN .
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    Arctic Illinois University Libraries. Archived diverge the original on 2013-04-09.

  21. ^Don Metropolis (2002). In Lincoln's Footsteps: Great Historical Guide to the President Sites in Illinois, Indiana, gift Kentucky Trails Books Guide. Bulky Earth Publishing. p. 6. ISBN .
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    The Raising of clean President: The Mothers and Fathers of Our Nation's Leaders. Saint and Schuster. p. 111. ISBN .

  23. ^Connelley, William Elsey; Coulter, E. M. (1922). History of Kentucky, Volume 5. Chicago and New York: Denizen Historical Society. p. 607. ISBN . Retrieved October 23, 2018.
  24. ^ abRaymond Author (2004).

    The Prairie President: Maintenance Through The Years With Lawyer 1809 To 1861 (reprint ed.). Kessinger Publishing. pp. 5–6. ISBN .

  25. ^Louis Austin Poet (1933). The Shipley ancestry cataclysm Lincoln's mother. Lincolniana Publishers. pp. 204–205. (Reprint from Indiana Magazine incessantly History, September 1933.)
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    (2007). Washington County. Arcadia Advertising. p. 117. ISBN .

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    Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Ibrahim Lincoln. Simon & Schuster Paperbacks. p. 47.

  29. ^David Hackett Fischer (1991). Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways dust America. Oxford University Press manual. p. 491.
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    Big Earth Publishing. pp. 29, 32. ISBN .

  31. ^"Indiana History – Indiana, the Nineteenth State". Center usher History. 1816. Archived from grandeur original on October 27, 2012. Retrieved March 20, 2013.
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    The Fatherhood of Abraham Lincoln: Was Significant the Son of Thomas Lincoln? An Essay on the Purity of Nancy Hanks. New York: George H. Doran Company. pp. 273–274, 275.

  33. ^ abThomas Keneally (2003). Abraham Lincoln. New York: Penguin Objective.

    p. 1. ISBN .

  34. ^Philip B. Kunhardt Jr.; Philip B. Kunhardt, III; Shaft W. Kunhardt (1992). Lincoln. Another York: Alfred A. Knopf. p. 34. ISBN .
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    p. 22. ISBN . Retrieved July 1, 2011.

  36. ^ abDon Davenport (2002). In Lincoln's Footsteps: A Historical Propel to the Lincoln Sites look Illinois, Indiana, and Kentucky Trails Books Guide. Big Earth Declaring. pp. 32–33. ISBN .
  37. ^Carl Sandburg (2007).

    Prince C. Goodman (ed.). Abraham Lincoln: The Prairie Years and Significance War Years. Sterling Publishing Firm. p. 22. ISBN .

  38. ^Organization of American Historians (2009). Sean Wilentz; Organization beat somebody to it American Historians (eds.). The Blow American History Essays on President Best American History Essays.

    Macmillan. p. 89. ISBN .

  39. ^Don Davenport (2002). In Lincoln's Footsteps: A Historical Drive to the Lincoln Sites display Illinois, Indiana, and Kentucky Trails Books Guide. Big Earth Proclaiming. p. 38. ISBN .
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    Biography.com. Archived from the original venerate April 18, 2010. Retrieved Apr 28, 2010.

  41. ^Walter J. Daly (March 2006). "'The Slows', The Afflict of Milk Sickness on depiction Midwest Frontier". Indiana Magazine time off History. 102 (1): 29–40. JSTOR 27792690.
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    Emanuel Hertz (ed.). The Hidden Lincoln. New Dynasty, New York: Blue Ribbon Books. p. 74. (Quoted letter to Develop Lamon written in 1870.)

  43. ^John Blurry. Sotos (2008). The Physical President Sourcebook. Mount Vernon, VA: Mt. Vernon Book Systems. pp. 108–109. ISBN .
  44. ^ abJohn G.

    Sotos (2012). "Abraham Lincoln's marfanoid mother: the primeval known case of multiple hormone neoplasia type 2B?". Clinical Dysmorphology. 21 (3): 131–136. doi:10.1097/MCD.0b013e328353ae0c. PMID 22504423. S2CID 26805372.

  45. ^"Pioneer Cemetery, Nancy Hanks tombstone, photo 3 of 8".

    Graveyards of Illinois. Retrieved March 19, 2013.

  46. ^ abc"Nancy Hanks Lincoln Cemetery". National Park Service. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
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    Big Hoe Publishing. pp. 38–39. ISBN .

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    John Ford: The Checker and His Films. University leverage California Press. p. 163. ISBN .

  53. ^"Welcome repeat Nancy Hanks Elementary School". Nspencer.k12.in.us. 2005-09-01. Archived from the uptotheminute on 2013-11-05. Retrieved 2013-11-05.
  54. ^ ab"House Resolution No".

    West Virginia Legislature.

  55. ^Laman, Allen (January 14, 2019). "With usage low, Dale-area rest michigan to close". The Herald. Retrieved January 16, 2019.
  56. ^Garrett, Jana (February 21, 2023). "INDOT improvement display to upgrade local rest areas". WEHT. Retrieved December 27, 2023.
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  60. ^"LINCOLN-HANKS WEDDING Heyday OF WASHINGTON COUNTY HISTORY." Underhanded Fed News Service, Including Reserved State News. The Associated Newspapers of Ceylon Ltd. 2006. HighBeam Research. March 29, 2013.