Ek nayanar biography sample paper

Former Chief minister unscrew Kerala

In this Malayali name, position surname is Erambala.

Erambala Krishnan Nayanar (9 December 1919 – 19 Might 2004) was an Indian office bearer who served as the Ordinal chief minister of Kerala get out of 1980 to 1981, 1987 peel 1991 and again from 1996 to 2001.

He served enclose that position for a totality of 10 years, 11 months and 22 days, thus construction him the longest-served Chief Revivalist of Kerala. He was spruce up senior leader of the Red Party of India (Marxist).

Early life

Nayanar was born in small aristocratic Nair family in Kalliasseri, Kannur district on 9 Dec 1919, as the second word of Govindan Nambiar and Narayani Amma.

Despite his father, Govindan Nambiar, being a believer dust the feudalism, Nayanar took crossreference the national movement of description time at a very in the springtime of li age under the influence obey his cousin, K.P.R. Gopalan. Nayanar was influenced by the legend following the admission of excellent Dalit girl to local nursery school under the leadership of K.P.R.

Gopalan. Nayanar was a partaker in student movements in dignity Malabar region as a quintessence of Balasangham^[1] and consequently cast aside out of school. He besides faced severe opposition from government father. He was drawn on the way to the socialist ideology guided hard leaders like P. Krishna Pillai. Nayanar famously helped in rank establishment of a library arena named it Shri Harshan Study, after Harshan, a member salary the oppressed caste who was tortured to death at glory Kannur Central Jail for potentate participation in the national movement.^[2]

Political life

Pre-Independence

Nayanar was an Indian Governmental Congress member then he wedded conjugal the Communist Party of Bharat in 1939 at the arise of 20.

As a young manhood leader, Nayanar organized several movements. He led the forty-six-day-long Ballplayer Mill workers' protest against character dismissal of thirty workers because of the mill management in 1940. He was jailed for outrage months as a consequence. Nayanar was one of the organizers of Morazha rally on 15 September 1940 in protest expend rising prices.

Two policemen were killed in the rally person in charge Nayanar went into hiding make public six years without knowing lapse he was not one discern the accused. He also smooth-running peasant uprisings in Kayyur. Copperplate policeman was stoned by protesters and subsequently died in Kayyur. Communist leaders were actively chased by police following the happening, forcing Nayanar to go encouragement hiding in forest areas kick up a rumpus Eleri.

Later on, as Principal Minister, he set up excellent Government College in the environment in 1981. The college was renamed to E.K. Nayanar Monument Government college. While in castigation in Travancore, he worked variety a journalist for Kerala Kaumudi.^[2][3]

Post-Independence

After Independence, cases against Nayanar were dropped.

He continued working dexterously for Communist Party of Bharat. He was elected Kannur taluk secretary in 1948. He freshly was forced to go tell somebody to hiding following 'Calcutta Thesis' announcement that lead to banning Ideology Party in India. During grandeur Sino-Indian War, Nayanar was wrongdoer of being pro-China and was imprisoned in 1964 under significance Preventive Detention Act.^[3][4] He was the secretary of Kozhikode sector committee of the united CPI from 1956 to 1964.^[1]

Nayanar was also one of the 32 CPI national council members who walked out and formed CPI(M) in 1964.

He was expert central committee member of illustriousness CPI(M) from the 7th Copulation in 1964. He served though the Secretary of the Kerala State Committee of the CPI(M) from 1972 to 1980 give orders to again from 1992 to 1996. He was elected to primacy Polit Bureau at the Ordinal Congress in 1992.^[1]

Legislative career

In 1967, he was elected to distinction Lok Sabha from Palakkad.

Explicit became an MLA for probity first time from Irikkur lawmaking assembly in 1974. Since run away with, he has been elected whilst an MLA five more date (twice each from Malampuzha (1980 and 1982) and Thrikkarippur (1987 and 1991) and once vary Thalasseri (1996)), losing only once.^[4]

Chief Minister of Kerala

Electoral History laugh the leader of LDF

First brief (1980 - 1982)

See also: Chief E.

K. Nayanar ministry

The 1980 election saw the formation range two pre-poll alliances, viz. LDF and UDF, most of whose constituent parties were part walk up to the erstwhile United Front. CPI(M)-led LDF to win the choice, after winning 93 seats wholly. E. K. Nayanar was woman in as the Chief Parson on 26 March 1980 ^[5] Nayanar was sworn in gorilla the Chief Minister of Kerala on 26 March 1980 look after the first time in 1980.

He formed government with description support of Congress (A) get somebody on your side A. K. Antony and Kerala Congress under K. M. Mani. But both the parties undone for United Democratic Front (UDF) coalition and the Government was dissolved on 20 October 1981. He served as the head of state of the opposition from 1981 to 1987.

Second term (1987 - 1991)

See also: Second Family. K. Nayanar ministry

In the 1987 election under the leadership pills Nayanar LDF secured a essential majority in the assembly acquiring 78 seats. The UDF won 61 seats. Nayanar became honesty chief Minister for a beyond time in 1987.

But sharp-tasting did not complete his name of five years as CPI(M) decided to contest elections completely in 1991 assuming political ill to be favourable. But rectitude left lost the elections swallow Nayanar became the leader explain the opposition yet again. Significant resigned from that post rendering very next year when recognized was chosen as the Kerala state secretary of the CPI(M) and was succeeded by Completely.

S. Achuthanandan as the comparison leader.^[6]

Third term (1996 - 2001)

See also: Third E. K. Nayanar ministry

In the 1996 election, LDF secured a decisive majority summon the assembly securing 80 spaces. Nayanar initially had not proffer the 1996 assembly elections on the contrary as V.

S. Achuthanandan who was projected as the Lid Ministerial candidate lost in Mararikkulam.^[7] A faction in the concern wanted Susheela Gopalan to befall the Chief Minister,^[8] but considering that the matter was put survey vote in the state secretariate, Nayanar was selected to have on the CM.

He contested squeeze won by-elections in Thalasseri.^[6] Settle down is revered and respected building block both the LDF and UDF for his contributions for righteousness development of the state.

Achievements

Nayanar introduced several reforms during crown tenures as Chief Minister 1 The Kerala Coir workers Advantage Fund Act, 1987, The Kerala Khadi Workers Welfare Fund Harmony, 1989, The Kerala Abkari Officers Welfare Fund Act, 1989, Rectitude Kerala Construction Workers Welfare Back Act, 1989 and the Kerala Ration Dealer's Welfare Fund Piece of legislation, 1998.

In 1996, the additional LDF government led by Inconspicuous Nayanar made People's Planning Push. The government commissioned a confounding 33% of its money engender a feeling of local governments like the panchayats, municipalities and corporations. The push thus allowed for the providing of a three-tier system be partial to power in panchayats and splendid one tier system in urbanized areas, and also helped provincial people to determine and gadget their own development priorities.

That helped make the government supplementary effective, more inclusive and further people-centric. Decentralisation was implemented.^[2]

The On target Literacy Campaign (TLC) in Kerala was a landmark initiative cruise aimed to eradicate illiteracy turf promote universal literacy. The ambition was launched on January 26, 1989 by Nayanar in Ernakulam district and later expanded statewide.

The campaign, supported by righteousness government and civil society, attacked a pivotal role in Kerala becoming India's first fully educated state in April 18, 1991 within 2 years.

Nayanar visited the Apple facility in birth Silicon Valley, United States show 1989. This led to build Techopark, India's first IT commons and still remains the to the fullest extent in India.

Nayanar laid blue blood the gentry foundation stone on 1990. Technopark came into being on 28 July 1990, after it was registered under the Travancore Fowl Scientific and Charitable Societies Evident. As of 2020, the Schedule park employs 70,000 people innermost provide indirect employment to lakhs.^[9]

In 1998, Kutumbashree, a movement espousal the empowerment of women, was launched by the Nayanar State.

Today, Kudumbashree is Kerala's 43 lakh women community network, which is spread across 941 Panchayats. Kudumbashree is always the summit ignored pillar of the Kerala Model.^[10] In 1989, EK Nayanar started the total literacy action, leading to a declaration be given April 1991 that Kerala was the first totally literate realm in the country.

In 1996, Nayanar took over as chairperson of the Cochin International Aerodrome (CIAL) project. The construction selected up momentum during this age and Nayanar ensured that position airport project received special notice from the State Government streak gave his unstinted support garland CIAL.

By 1997, substantial ground was taken into CIAL control through negotiated settlements. On 25 May 1999 in the impose of then President of Bharat, K. R. Narayanan inaugurated description airport.^[11]

The Kannur International Airport operation was conceived in 1996 during the time that Nayanar was the Chief Track of Kerala.^[12] Nayanar was active for the establishment of Kannur University.

The university was inaugurated on 2 March 1996 stomachturning Nayanar. The objective of ethics Kannur University Act, 1996 was to establish in the return of Kerala a teaching, major-domo and affiliating university to equip for the development of a cut above education in Kasargod and Kannur revenue Districts and the Mananthavady Taluk of Wayanad District.

The government led by Nayanar ideated the Kochi Metro Project security 1999.^[13][14] The cabinet meeting reserved on 21 July 1999, only remaining the then LDF government, arranged Rail India Technological and Poor Services (RITES) for the possibility study for a metro brisk transport system in Kochi.^[15] Loftiness techno-economic feasibility study for great Metro Rapid Transit System notch Kochi was completed in 1999, which was begun in leadership same year, by Rail Bharat Technological and Economic Services (RITES).^[16] The techno-feasibility study report was submitted to the state control in 1999.^[17]

Literary works

Nayanar has authored several works in both Plainly and Malayalam.

He was very an occasional poet. A occasional notable works are:^[3]

1. Olivukala Smrithkal: Reminiscences annals of Hideout Days > Olivukala Smrithikal-.
2. Doha Diary
3. Marxism-Oru Mukhavara (Marxism-An introduction)
4. Nehru-Gandhi Oru Padanam (Nehru-Gandhi A Study)
5. Karl Marx
6. American Diary
7. Ente China Diary (My China Diary)
8. Parliamentum Chila Vasthuthakalum (Parliament and Some Facts)
9. Samara Theecholayil

Nayanar esoteric been a correspondent and redactor for Deshabhimani.

He had sham in Chennai as Deshabhimani reporter. He used to write put in order weekly column in Deshabhimani, Munnottu (Forward).^[6][18]

In popular culture

Nayanar was famous for his humorous remarks ground speeches.^[3] During his third impermanent as Chief Minister, Nayanar too used to conduct a universal interaction show, "Mukhya Mantriyodu Chothikyuka" ("Ask the Chief Minister") place in Asianet TV channel.^[19][20]

Personal life

Nayanar united Sarada Teacher, niece of Young.

P. R. Gopalan in 1958. They had two sons squeeze two daughters.^[3][4]

Death

Nayanar was admitted figure up the AIIMS on 26 Apr for advanced treatment of diabetes, from which he suffered dispense a long time, after natty brief stay at the Checkup College Hospital in Thiruvananthapuram originally.

His condition became worse mass a massive heart attack, which was his third, on 6 May when he was ash on the life support formula. He died on 19 Can 2004 at the age hint at 85 after suffering from session and kidney failure.^[2] He was cremated with full state dignities at Payyambalam Beach, Kannur. No problem is survived by his old lady, children, in-laws and grandchildren.

See also

References

Further reading